Terra cotta, an Italian word, which means “baked earth” or “fired earth” is clay molded and baked to be used for a specific purpose. Terra cotta also refers to its red-orange color although there are other hues of terra cotta, which depends on its origin. For example, terra cotta from Mexico has a pinkish hue while terra cotta which originates from Europe tend to be brown-orange.
Throughout history it has been used for many forms of art like sculpture and pottery as well as in making bricks, tiles and roof shingles. In 2800 B.C., terra cotta was used in Mesopotamia as wall bricks, flooring and even for wall decoration.
In past centuries, the clay was baked or dried under the sun after it was formed. Then later on, clay was placed in the ashes of open hearths to harden. Today, manufacturers use kilns to manufacture terra cotta. The trend towards eco-friendly building materials has some of these manufacturers using agriculture byproducts such as olive pits and almond shells to fire the terra cotta.
The popularity of the reclaimed materials in home building has also seen an importation of antique terra cotta floor and tiles from Europe to the U.S. Many homeowners are embracing the patinaed elegance of these tiles and using them enthusiastically in the interiors and exteriors of their homes. Terra cotta lends itself to many styles and decors from old world to modern.